اکسیم

اکسیم (به انگلیسی: Oxime) نام دسته ای از ترکیبات آلی است که جز مشتقات ایمید به حساب می‌آیند. فرمول عمومی این ترکیبات به صورت RRC=N O H است که در آن R یک گروه آلی می‌باشد و در صورتی که R اتم هیدروژن باشد،آلدوکسیم و در صورتی که یک گروه آلی باشد، کتوکسیم نام دارد. اکسیم‌ها معمولاً از واکنش هیدروکسیل‌آمین با آلدهیدها یا کتونها ایجاد می‌شود. نام اکسیم از مخفف کلمات oxygen و imide مشتق شده‌است.

ساختار عمومی کتوکسیم و آلدوکسیم

پانویس

↑ aldoxime
↑ ketoxime

منابع

وب سایت اکسیم فارسی http://www.oxime.ir

↑ "oxime" (به انگلیسی). Encyclopædia Britannica.
↑ The name "oxime" is derived from "oximide" (i.e., oxy- + amide). According to the German organic chemist Viktor Meyer (1848-1897) -- who, with Alois Janny, synthesized the first oximes -- an "oximide" was an organic compound containing the group (=N-OH) attached to a carbon atom. The existence of oximides was questioned at the time (ca. 1882). (See page 1164 of: Victor Meyer und Alois Janny (1882a) "Ueber stickstoffhaltige Acetonderivate" (On nitrogenous derivatives of acetone), Berichte der Deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft, 15: 1164-1167.) However, in 1882, Meyer and Janny succeeded in synthesizing methylglyoxime (CH₃C(=NOH)CH(=NOH)), which they named "Acetoximsäure" (acetoximic acid) (Meyer & Janny, 1882a, p. 1166). Subsequently, they synthesized 2-propanone, oxime ((CH₃)₂C=NOH), which they named "Acetoxim" (acetoxime), in analogy with Acetoximsäure. From Victor Meyer and Alois Janny (1882b) "Ueber die Einwirkung von Hydroxylamin auf Aceton" (On the effect of hydroxylamine on acetone), Berichte der Deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft, 15: 1324-1326, page 1324: "Die Substanz, welche wir, wegen ihrer nahen Beziehungen zur Acetoximsäure, und da sie keine sauren Eigenschaften besitzt, vorläufig Acetoxim nennen wollen, …" (The substance, which we -- on account of its close relations to acetoximic acid, and since it possesses no acid properties -- will, for the present, name "acetoxime," … )

[1] xime

[ketoxime-2] toxime

[3] "oxime" (به انگلیسی). Encyclopædia Britannica.

[4] The name "oxime" is derived from "oximide" (i.e., oxy- + amide). According to the German organic chemist Viktor Meyer (1848-1897) -- who, with Alois Janny, synthesized the first oximes -- an "oximide" was an organic compound containing the group (=N-OH) attached to a carbon atom. The existence of oximides was questioned at the time (ca. 1882). (See page 1164 of: Victor Meyer und Alois Janny (1882a) "Ueber stickstoffhaltige Acetonderivate" (On nitrogenous derivatives of acetone), Berichte der Deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft, 15: 1164-1167.) However, in 1882, Meyer and Janny succeeded in synthesizing methylglyoxime (CH₃C(=NOH)CH(=NOH)), which they named "Acetoximsäure" (acetoximic acid) (Meyer & Janny, 1882a, p. 1166). Subsequently, they synthesized 2-propanone, oxime ((CH₃)₂C=NOH), which they named "Acetoxim" (acetoxime), in analogy with Acetoximsäure. From Victor Meyer and Alois Janny (1882b) "Ueber die Einwirkung von Hydroxylamin auf Aceton" (On the effect of hydroxylamine on acetone), Berichte der Deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft, 15: 1324-1326, page 1324: "Die Substanz, welche wir, wegen ihrer nahen Beziehungen zur Acetoximsäure, und da sie keine sauren Eigenschaften besitzt, vorläufig Acetoxim nennen wollen, …" (The substance, which we -- on account of its close relations to acetoximic acid, and since it possesses no acid properties -- will, for the present, name "acetoxime," … )